Parapsychology is the scientific and scholarly study of anomalous experiences related to human consciousness. These include three main branches; ESP (Extended Sensory Perception), MMI (Mind Matter Interactions), and the Survival of Consciousness. Despite mainstream belief, parapsychology has been a field of study throughout the ages and evolved through a variety of organizations and institutions. The Parapsychology Association was established in 1957, and has been an affiliated organization of the American Association for the Advancement of Science since 1969.